Bridge the gap between theoretical blockchain concepts and real-world IoT security with this indispensable guide to building decentralized, tamper-proof ecosystems that eliminate data tampering and unauthorized access.
Table of ContentsPreface
1. The Evolving Paradigm of IoT: A Systematic Literature Survey of Challenges, Solutions, and Emerging TechnologiesMuskan Rajak, Nancy Kaim, Nandini Sharma, Twinkle Verma, Harendra Pratap Singh and Nisha
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Graph Analysis
1.2 Literature Review
1.2.1 Graphical Analysis of IoT Literature: Trends in Challenges and Solutions
1.2.2 Challenges in IoT: Key Issues and Limitations
1.2.3 Proposed Solutions and Technological Advancements in IoT
1.3 Future Directions and Research Opportunities in IoT
1.4 Conclusion
References
2. IoT Device Lifecycle Management with BlockchainIshu Chaudhary, Krashnkant Gupta and Bhanu Prakash Lohani
2.1 Introduction to IoT and Blockchain
2.2 Fundamentals of IoT
2.2.1 Functions of IoT Devices and Sensors
2.3 Cloud
2.4 User Interface in IoT
2.5 Fundamentals of Blockchain
2.5.1 Key Characteristic of Blockchain
2.5.2 Blockchain Architecture Types
2.6 How Do IoT and Blockchain Work Together?
2.6.1 Lifecycle of IoT Device Merged with Blockchain
2.6.2 Combining IoT and Blockchain
2.6.3 Challenges in Integrating IoT with Blockchain
2.7 Use Cases of IoT and Blockchain
Conclusion
References
3. Privacy-Preserving Data Management at the Edge of IoT: Leveraging IPFS and Blockchain for Decentralized SecurityKavita Agrawal, P.V.G.D. Prasad Reddy and Suresh Chittineni
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Related Work
3.2.1 Privacy-Preserving Methods and Techniques in Blockchain
3.2.2 Key Challenges and Proposed Solutions in Privacy-Preserving Edge Data Management
3.3 Methodology
3.3.1 Algorithm: Secure Storage and Retrieval Using IPFS and Blockchain
3.3.2 System Model
3.3.3 System Workflow
3.4 Implementation and Result
3.4.1 Addressing Key Implementation Challenges
3.5 Conclusion
References
4. Intelligent Industrial IoT (IIoT) Security with Blockchain Applications: Challenges and Future DirectionsBosubabu Sambana, Kondapalli Venkata Ramana, Ramya T. and Uppe Nanaji
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Background and Related Work
4.2.1 Blockchain Ledger
4.2.2 Blockchain Architecture
4.2.3 Digital Signature
4.2.4 Key Characteristics of Blockchain
4.3 Use of Blockchain
4.3.1 The Internet of Energy (Energy Internet)
4.3.1.1 How is the Internet of Energy Used?
4.3.1.2 The Importance of the Internet of Energy
4.3.1.3 How Does the Internet of Energy Work?
4.3.1.4 Applications of Energy Internet
4.3.2 Energy Network
4.3.3 Financial Contracts
4.3.4 Healthcare
4.3.5 Asset Tracking
4.3.6 Payment System
4.3.7 Crypto Identity Data Transmission through the Internet of Energy
4.3.8 Distributed File Storage
4.3.9 Blockchain for Government Services
4.3.10 Environment, Health, and Safety
4.3.11 Cryptocurrencies in the Financial Markets
4.3.11.1 Cryptocurrencies as an Asset Class
4.3.11.2 Cryptocurrencies as Financial Mechanism
4.4 Conclusions
References
5. Secure IoT Ecosystems with Blockchain FoundationsManoj Kumar Mahto and Santosh Kumar Srivastava
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Overview of Emerging Technologies
5.1.2 Motivation for Integrating IoT and Blockchain
5.1.3 Chapter Objectives
5.2 Fundamentals of Internet of Things (IoT)
5.2.1 Definition and Evolution of IoT
5.2.2 Key Components and Architecture of IoT
5.2.3 IoT Communication Protocols
5.2.4 Applications and Use Cases
5.2.5 Challenges in IoT Security and Privacy
5.3 Fundamentals of Blockchain Technology
5.3.1 Definition and History of Blockchain
5.3.2 Core Features: Decentralization, Immutability, Transparency
5.3.3 Blockchain Architecture: Blocks, Hashes, and Ledgers
5.3.4 Consensus Mechanisms: PoW, PoS, PBFT, Etc
5.3.5 Smart Contracts and Their Role
5.3.6 Types of Blockchain: Public, Private, Consortium
5.4 The Intersection of IoT and Blockchain
5.4.1 Why Blockchain for IoT?
5.4.2 Using Blockchain to Address IoT Challenges
5.4.3 Architectural Integration Models
5.4.4 Opportunities and Limitations
5.4.5 Emerging Use Cases of Blockchain-IoT Synergy
5.5 Comparative Analysis
5.5.1 Centralized vs. Decentralized IoT Systems
5.5.2 Traditional Security Mechanisms vs. Blockchain-Based Security
5.6 Future Perspectives
5.6.1 Research Trends and Open Challenges
5.6.2 Industry Adoption and Technological Forecast
5.7 Summary
References
6. Implementing Secure Payment Systems for IoT Devices with BlockchainIshu Chaudhary, Swati Vashisht, Suman Avdhesh Yadav and Shubhi Gupta
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Traditional Payment Models with Limitations
6.1.2 Role of Blockchain Integration in IoT Payment
6.1.3 Challenges in IoT Payments
6.1.3.1 Device Spoofing
6.1.3.2 Data Tampering
6.1.3.3 Illicit Access
6.1.4 Payment Security Flaws
6.1.4.1 Identify Management Issues
6.1.5 Session Hijacking and Token Theft
6.1.5.1 Impact of Identify Management Issues with Real-Life Examples
6.1.5.2 Use of No Encryption
6.1.5.3 Effects of Failure to Encrypt
6.1.5.4 Interplay Between Identity Management and Encryption
6.2 Design Blockchain-Based Payments Protocols for IoT
6.2.1 Core Architectural Concepts
6.2.1.1 Blockchain Paradigm
6.2.1.2 Ethereum Accounts and State
6.2.1.3 Transactions and Blocks
6.2.1.4 Gas and Fees
6.2.1.5 Transaction Execution
6.2.1.6 Smart Contract Creation
6.2.1.7 Merkle Tries and RLP
6.2.1.8 Withdrawals and Validator Rewards
6.2.1.9 Log System and Receipts
6.2.1.10 EVM Execution Environment
6.3 Evaluation and Benchmarking in IoT Payment Systems
6.3.1 Performance Assessments
6.3.1.1 Security Assessment
6.4 Conclusion
References
7. Leveraging Blockchain Technology to Enhance Security in IoT Networks: A Decentralized ApproachBabita Yadav, Sachin Gupta and Bhoomi Gupta
Introduction: Blockchain
Blockchain Technology
IoT Applications
IoT Architecture with Blockchain
Integrating Blockchain with IoT
Challenges
Decentralized Blockchain-Based IoT Security Framework
Methodology
Results and Discussion
Secure IoT Device Lifecycle Management Using Blockchain
Conclusion
Bibliography
8. Securing Smart Cyber-Physical Systems Using Blockchain: A Comprehensive ReviewNarinder Verma, Neerendra Kumar and Neha Sandotra
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Background
8.2.1 Smart CPS Overview: Architecture and Components
8.2.2 Blockchain Technology for Smart CPS
8.2.3 Security Requirements in Smart CPS
8.3 Cybersecurity Threats in Smart CPS
8.4 Blockchain-Based Security Frameworks for CPS
8.4.1 Framework Based on Smart Grid Application
8.4.2 Framework Based on IoT-Based Healthcare
8.4.3 Framework Based on Industry 4.0/Smart Manufacturing
8.4.4 Framework Based on Autonomous Vehicles
8.5 Technical Challenges and Design Trade-Offs
8.6 Emerging Trends and Future Directions
8.7 Conclusion
References
9. Smart Financial Surveillance: Blockchain and Explainable AI for Fraud Detection in Smart Healthcare OrganizationsVikas Garg and Geeta Mishra
9.1 Introduction
Defining Smart Financial Surveillance in Healthcare
Global Burden of Healthcare Fraud: Statistics and Impact
Importance of Transparency and Trust in Financial Flows
Overview of Emerging Technologies: Blockchain and Explainable AI (XAI)
Blockchain Technology
Synergistic Integration
9.2 Financial Fraud in Smart Healthcare: A Global Challenge
Classification of Healthcare Financial Fraud
Examples from High-, Middle-, and Low-Income Countries
Medicare/Medicaid Fraud (United States)
Insurance Fraud in the European Union (Germany and France)
Digital Fraud in Telemedicine (India and Nigeria)
Smart Healthcare Ecosystems: Risks and Opportunities
Risks
Opportunities
Current Surveillance Methods and Their Gaps
Moving Forward: Toward Smart, Predictive Surveillance
9.3 Blockchain in Healthcare Finance: Foundations and Global Use Cases
Blockchain Principles: Distributed Ledger, Smart Contracts, Immutability
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)
Smart Contracts
Immutability
Benefits in Healthcare Finance
Auditability
Data Integrity
Fraud-Resistant Billing Workflows
Global Implementations
Estonia’s eHealth System
India’s ABDM and Blockchain Insurance Pilots
United States: Emerging Payer Blockchain Consortia
Interoperability and Legal Considerations (HIPAA, GDPR, Data Sovereignty)
Interoperability Challenges
HIPAA Compliance (United States)
GDPR Compliance (Europe)
Data Sovereignty
9.4 Explainable AI in Financial Fraud Detection
Overview of Explainable AI vs. Black-Box Models
Importance of Interpretability in Healthcare Decision Systems
Trust and Accountability
Legal and Ethical Compliance
Error Detection and Debugging of Models
Bias Mitigation
AI Models Used in Financial Fraud Detection
Support Vector Machines (SVM)
Random Forest
Neural Networks
Real-World Healthcare Applications of XAI
Claim Scoring in the United States
Drug Billing Fraud Detection in Europe
Mobile Health Financing in Africa and Asia
Ethical Considerations and Bias Mitigation
9.5 Integrating Blockchain and XAI: A Smart Surveillance Architecture
Framework Overview: Data Pipeline from Care to Claim
How Blockchain Provides Traceability for Financial Data
How XAI Enables Explainable Risk-Scoring
Fraud Alerts and Continuous Learning in Feedback Loops
Cloud vs. Edge Architecture for Global Scalability
Cloud-Based Surveillance
Edge-Based Surveillance
Simulation or Prototype Reference Model
9.6 Challenge, Risks, and Policy Implications
Implementation Barriers: Technical, Financial, and Institutional
Financial Barriers
Institutional Barriers
Privacy in International Contexts
Data Immutability vs. Right to Erasure
Consent Management
Cross-Border Data Transfers
Gaps in Standardization (FHIR, HL7, ISO)
FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources)
Health Level Seven (HL7)
International Standards Organization (ISO)
Talent and Ability in Emerging Economies
Technical Skill Gaps
Infrastructure Limitations
Policy and Regulatory Capability
Recommendations for Policymakers, Technologists, and Providers
Global Call to Action for Collaboration (WHO, OECD, ITU)
World Health Organization (WHO)
Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
9.7 Conclusion and Future Outlook
Synthesis of Key Insights
Vision for Next-Generation Smart Fraud Surveillance
Opportunity for Blockchain, XAI and Digital Identity in Conjunction
Blockchain
Explainable AI (XAI)
Digital Identity
Roadmap for Adoption in Smart Healthcare Organizations Globally
Final Thoughts on Transparency, Equity, and Trust
References
10. Blockchain-Driven Secure and Interoperable Inventory Management: Enhancing Authentication, Cybersecurity, and ComplianceP. Ashok, K. Murali Krishna, Pon Bharathi A. and Pratik Shirkar
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Literature Review
10.2.1 Asset Authentication Module
10.2.1.1 Digital Asset Certification
10.2.1.2 Anti-Counterfeiting Mechanisms
10.2.1.3 Unique Digital Fingerprinting
10.2.1.4 Hardware Validation
10.2.2 Smart Contract Inventory Control
10.2.2.1 Automated Procurement Processes
10.2.2.2 Self-Executing Purchase Agreements
10.2.2.3 Conditional Inventory Releases
10.2.2.4 Vendor Performance Tracking
10.2.3 Cybersecurity Enhancement Module
10.2.3.1 Tamper-Proof Inventory Records
10.2.3.2 Secure Access Management
10.2.3.3 Fraud Detection Mechanisms
10.2.3.4 Data Integrity Verification
10.2.4 Compliance and Audit Module
10.2.4.1 Regulatory Documentation
10.2.4.2 Automated Compliance Checks
10.2.4.3 Transparent Reporting
10.2.4.4 Immutable Audit Trails
10.3 Research Methodology
10.4 Industry Use Cases
10.4.1 Asset Authentication in Supply Chains
10.4.2 Smart Contracts for Automated Inventory Control
10.4.3 Cybersecurity in Inventory Management
10.4.4 Regulatory Compliance and Auditing
10.4.5 Blockchain Interoperability in Logistics
10.5 Future Enhancements
10.6 Advanced Concepts in Blockchain
10.6.1 Advanced Blockchain Interoperability: Protocols and Standards
10.6.2 Blockchain and IoT Integration for Real-Time Inventory and Asset Tracking
10.6.3 Blockchain-Enabled Regulatory Compliance and Automated Auditing
10.6.4 Scalability, Performance Optimization, and Future Trends in Blockchain E-Governance
10.7 Conclusion
Bibliography
11. Blockchain-Enhanced Expert Systems for Smart Transportation: Security, Trust, and Decision-MakingDeependra Rastogi, Shantanu Bindewari, Sumit Singh Dhanda, Anand Singh and Rahat Naz
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Expert System
11.3 Rule-Based Expert System
11.4 Architecture and Component of Expert System
11.5 Types of Rule-Based Expert System
11.5.1 Forward Chaining System
11.5.2 Backward Chaining System
11.6 Characteristics of Expert System
11.7 Process Flow of Expert System in Intelligent Transportation
11.8 Machine Learning in IoT
11.9 Smart Transportation
11.10 Machine Learning and IoT in Smart Transportation
11.10.1 Machine Learning Algorithms for Smart Transportation
11.10.2 Machine Learning and IoT Applications in Smart Transportation
11.11 Security and Privacy Issue on Rule-Based Expert System in Smart Transportation
11.11.1 Confidentiality
11.11.2 Integrity
11.11.3 Availability
11.11.4 Authentication and Identification
11.11.5 Non-Repudiation
11.12 Blockchain-Enhanced Expert Systems for Smart Transportation
11.13 Conclusion
References
12. Integrating Blockchain with SDN for Securing IoT Networks: Challenges, Solutions, and ApplicationsPriyanka Kamboj
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Software Defined Networking: An Overview
12.1.2 Building Blocks of SDN Architecture
12.1.2.1 SDN Switches
12.1.2.2 SDN Controllers
12.2 Security Challenges in SDN-Enabled IoT Networks
12.2.1 Application Layer
12.2.1.1 Malicious Application
12.2.1.2 Unauthorized Access and Authentication Issues
12.2.2 Control Layer
12.2.2.1 Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attacks
12.2.3 Threat from Applications
12.2.4 Data Layer
12.2.4.1 Forged Switch Flow Rules
12.2.4.2 Man-in-the-Middle Attack
12.3 Blockchain Technology
12.3.1 Introduction to Blockchain
12.3.2 Types of Blockchains
12.3.2.1 Public Blockchain
12.3.2.2 Private Blockchain
12.3.2.3 Consortium Blockchain
12.4 Integration of Blockchain with SDN in IoT Networks
12.5 Applications of Integration
12.5.1 Smart Homes and Cities
12.5.2 Internet of Vehicles
12.5.3 Smart Agriculture
12.5.4 Industrial IoT
12.5.5 Smart Healthcare
12.6 Blockchain Meets Security in IoT Networks
12.6.1 Security in IoT Environment
12.6.2 Security in DDoS Attacks
12.6.3 Security in Smart Cities
12.6.4 Security in VANETs
12.7 Conclusions
References
13. Paving the Way for Trust and Transparency: The Role of Blockchain in E-GovernanceAbhijit Chirputkar, P. Ashok, Bhumi Rathod and Adrija Bose
Introduction
13.1 Research Methodology
13.1.1 Introduction
13.1.2 Research Design
13.1.2.1 Research Type
13.1.2.2 Research Philosophy
13.1.3 Data Collection Methods
13.1.3.1 Primary Data Collection
13.1.3.2 Secondary Data Collection
13.1.4 Ethical Considerations
13.1.5 Limitations and Future Scope
13.2 Architectural Framework for Blockchain in E-Governance
13.2.1 Conceptual Framework
13.2.2 Architecture
13.2.3 Architecture of Blockchain-Based E-Governance Framework
13.3 Regulatory Frameworks in India for Blockchain in E-Governance
13.3.1 Legal and Policy Landscape
13.3.2 Government Initiatives
13.4 Industry Data and Statistics
13.4.1 Blockchain Adoption in Governance
13.5 Global Standards for Blockchain in E-Governance
13.5.1 International Regulatory Frameworks
13.5.2 Standardization Efforts
Challenges
Future Enhancements for Blockchain in E-Governance
Conclusion
Bibliography
14. Blockchain in IoT for Secure Autonomous VehiclesSwati Vashisht, Ishu Chaudhary and Shubhi Gupta
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Understanding Autonomous Vehicles (AV)
14.2.1 Core Components of Autonomous Vehicles
14.2.1.1 Sensors
14.2.1.2 Automotive Vehicle Control Unit
14.2.1.3 Interaction with Electronic Control Units (ECUs)
14.2.1.4 Powertrain Control
14.2.1.5 Monitoring Critical Systems
14.2.1.6 Fault Diagnostics and Display Management
14.2.2 Hardware Architecture of Automotive Vehicle Control Unit
14.2.2.1 Microcontroller
14.2.2.2 Digital and Analogue Interfaces
14.2.3 Interfaces for Communication
14.2.4 Functional Architecture of AVs
14.2.5 Operation of AV
14.2.6 Connectivity Modules
14.2.6.1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)
14.2.6.2 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
14.2.6.3 Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)
14.3 Role of IoT in AV Infrastructure
14.3.1 Real-Time Data Acquisition and Analytics
14.3.2 Remote Diagnostics and Updates
14.4 Integration of Blockchain Technology with IoT in Autonomous Vehicles
14.5 Conclusion
References
15. Integrating Blockchain with IoT: A Paradigm Shift in Security and Trust ManagementShantanu Joshi, Samaya Pillai, Abhijit Chirputkar, Sujata Joshi and Pankaj Pathak
15.1 Introduction to IoT and Blockchain Technology
15.2 Security Challenges in IoT
15.3 Blockchain as a Solution for IoT Security
15.4 Blockchain-Based IoT Architectures
15.5 Smart Contracts and Automation in IoT
15.6 Specific Use Cases and Applications of Blockchain in IoT
15.7 Conclusion
Bibliography
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